Easier software installations. Software vendors can use virtual machines to ship entire software configurations. For example, installing a complete mail server solution on a real machine can be a tedious task. With Oracle VM VirtualBox, such a complex setup, often called an appliance , can be packed into a virtual machine.
Installing and running a mail server becomes as easy as importing such an appliance into Oracle VM VirtualBox. Testing and disaster recovery.
Once installed, a virtual machine and its virtual hard disks can be considered a container that can be arbitrarily frozen, woken up, copied, backed up, and transported between hosts.
On top of that, with the use of another Oracle VM VirtualBox feature called snapshots , one can save a particular state of a virtual machine and revert back to that state, if necessary. This way, one can freely experiment with a computing environment.
If something goes wrong, such as problems after installing software or infecting the guest with a virus, you can easily switch back to a previous snapshot and avoid the need of frequent backups and restores. Any number of snapshots can be created, allowing you to travel back and forward in virtual machine time.
You can delete snapshots while a VM is running to reclaim disk space. Infrastructure consolidation. Virtualization can significantly reduce hardware and electricity costs. Most of the time, computers today only use a fraction of their potential power and run with low average system loads. A lot of hardware resources as well as electricity is thereby wasted.
So, instead of running many such physical computers that are only partially used, one can pack many virtual machines onto a few powerful hosts and balance the loads between them. When dealing with virtualization, and also for understanding the following chapters of this documentation, it helps to acquaint oneself with a bit of crucial terminology, especially the following terms:.
Host operating system host OS. See Section 1. There may be platform-specific differences which we will point out where appropriate. Guest operating system guest OS. This is the OS that is running inside the virtual machine.
But to achieve near-native performance of the guest code on your machine, we had to go through a lot of optimizations that are specific to certain OSes. So while your favorite OS may run as a guest, we officially support and optimize for a select few, which include the most common OSes.
See Section 3. Virtual machine VM. In other words, you run your guest OS in a VM. Normally, a VM is shown as a window on your computer's desktop. Depending on which of the various frontends of Oracle VM VirtualBox you use, the VM might be shown in full screen mode or remotely on another computer. Some parameters describe hardware settings, such as the amount of memory and number of CPUs assigned. Other parameters describe the state information, such as whether the VM is running or saved.
See Chapter 8, VBoxManage. Guest Additions. This refers to special software packages which are shipped with Oracle VM VirtualBox but designed to be installed inside a VM to improve performance of the guest OS and to add extra features. See Chapter 4, Guest Additions.
Oracle VM VirtualBox runs on a large number of bit host operating systems. Oracle VM VirtualBox is a so-called hosted hypervisor, sometimes referred to as a type 2 hypervisor. Whereas a bare-metal or type 1 hypervisor would run directly on the hardware, Oracle VM VirtualBox requires an existing OS to be installed. It can thus run alongside existing applications on that host.
To a very large degree, Oracle VM VirtualBox is functionally identical on all of the host platforms, and the same file and image formats are used. This enables you to run virtual machines created on one host on another host with a different host OS. For example, you can create a virtual machine on Windows and then run it under Linux. In addition, virtual machines can easily be imported and exported using the Open Virtualization Format OVF , an industry standard created for this purpose.
You can even import OVFs that were created with a different virtualization software. For users of Oracle Cloud Infrastructure the functionality extends to exporting and importing virtual machines to and from the cloud. This simplifies development of applications and deployment to the production environment. Guest Additions: shared folders, seamless windows, 3D virtualization. The Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions are software packages which can be installed inside of supported guest systems to improve their performance and to provide additional integration and communication with the host system.
After installing the Guest Additions, a virtual machine will support automatic adjustment of video resolutions, seamless windows, accelerated 3D graphics and more.
In particular, Guest Additions provide for shared folders , which let you access files on the host system from within a guest machine. See Section 4. Great hardware support. Guest multiprocessing SMP. USB device support. Oracle VM VirtualBox implements a virtual USB controller and enables you to connect arbitrary USB devices to your virtual machines without having to install device-specific drivers on the host. USB support is not limited to certain device categories. Hardware compatibility.
Oracle VM VirtualBox virtualizes a vast array of virtual devices, among them many devices that are typically provided by other virtualization platforms. This enables easy cloning of disk images from real machines and importing of third-party virtual machines into Oracle VM VirtualBox. Full ACPI support. This enables easy cloning of disk images from real machines or third-party virtual machines into Oracle VM VirtualBox.
For mobile systems running on battery, the guest can thus enable energy saving and notify the user of the remaining power, for example in full screen modes. Multiscreen resolutions. Oracle VM VirtualBox virtual machines support screen resolutions many times that of a physical screen, allowing them to be spread over a large number of screens attached to the host system.
Built-in iSCSI support. This unique feature enables you to connect a virtual machine directly to an iSCSI storage server without going through the host system. The VM accesses the iSCSI target directly without the extra overhead that is required for virtualizing hard disks in container files.
See Section 5. PXE Network boot. Multigeneration branched snapshots. Oracle VM VirtualBox can save arbitrary snapshots of the state of the virtual machine. You can go back in time and revert the virtual machine to any such snapshot and start an alternative VM configuration from there, effectively creating a whole snapshot tree.
You can create and delete snapshots while the virtual machine is running. VM groups. Oracle VM VirtualBox provides a groups feature that enables the user to organize and control virtual machines collectively, as well as individually.
In addition to basic groups, it is also possible for any VM to be in more than one group, and for groups to be nested in a hierarchy. This means you can have groups of groups. Clean architecture and unprecedented modularity. Oracle VM VirtualBox has an extremely modular design with well-defined internal programming interfaces and a clean separation of client and server code. This makes it easy to control it from several interfaces at once.
For example, you can start a VM simply by clicking on a button in the Oracle VM VirtualBox graphical user interface and then control that machine from the command line, or even remotely.
Due to its modular architecture, Oracle VM VirtualBox can also expose its full functionality and configurability through a comprehensive software development kit SDK , which enables integration of Oracle VM VirtualBox with other software systems.
Remote machine display. Instead, the VRDE is plugged directly into the virtualization layer. As a result, it works with guest OSes other than Windows, even in text mode, and does not require application support in the virtual machine either. Extensible RDP authentication. In addition, it includes an easy-to-use SDK which enables you to create arbitrary interfaces for other methods of authentication.
See Section 7. Intel hardware is required. See also Chapter 14, Known Limitations. Linux hosts bit. Includes the following:. See Section 2. However, the formally tested and supported Linux distributions are those for which we offer a dedicated package. Oracle Solaris hosts bit only. The following versions are supported with the restrictions listed in Chapter 14, Known Limitations :. Note that any feature which is marked as experimental is not supported. Feedback and suggestions about such features are welcome.
If you have installed software before, installation should be straightforward. On each host platform, Oracle VM VirtualBox uses the installation method that is most common and easy to use. If you run into trouble or have special requirements, see Chapter 2, Installation Details for details about the various installation methods.
Base package. Extension packs. Additional extension packs can be downloaded which extend the functionality of the Oracle VM VirtualBox base package. The extension pack provides the following added functionality:. The virtual USB 2. The virtual USB 3. Host webcam passthrough. See Section 9. Disk image encryption with AES algorithm. Cloud integration features.
Oracle VM VirtualBox extension packages have a. To install an extension, simply double-click on the package file and a Network Operations Manager window is shown to guide you through the required steps. To view the extension packs that are currently installed, start the VirtualBox Manager, as shown in Section 1.
From the File menu, select Preferences. In the window that displays, go to the Extensions category. This shows you the extensions which are currently installed, and enables you to remove a package or add a new package. Alternatively, you can use the VBoxManage command line.
See Section 8. On a Windows host, in the Programs menu, click on the item in the VirtualBox group. On some Windows platforms, you can also enter VirtualBox in the search box of the Start menu. You may want to drag this item onto your Dock. Alternatively, you can enter VirtualBox in a terminal window. This window is called the VirtualBox Manager. The left pane will later list all your virtual machines.
Since you have not yet created any virtual machines, this list is empty. The Tools button provides access to user tools, such as the Virtual Media Manager. The pane on the right displays the properties of the currently selected virtual machine. Since you do not have any machines yet, the pane displays a welcome message.
Click New in the VirtualBox Manager window. A wizard is shown, to guide you through setting up a new virtual machine VM. On the following pages, the wizard will ask you for the bare minimum of information that is needed to create a VM, in particular:.
For example, Windows 10 with Visio. The Machine Folder is the location where VMs are stored on your computer. The default folder location is shown.
The supported OSes are grouped. If you want to install something very unusual that is not listed, select Other. This is particularly important for bit guests. It is therefore recommended to always set it to the correct value. The amount of memory given here will be taken away from your host machine and presented to the guest OS, which will report this size as the virtual computer's installed RAM.
Choose this setting carefully. The memory you give to the VM will not be available to your host OS while the VM is running, so do not specify more than you can spare. If you run two VMs at the same time, even more memory will be allocated for the second VM, which may not even be able to start if that memory is not available. On the other hand, you should specify as much as your guest OS and your applications will require to run properly.
A guest OS may require at least 1 or 2 GB of memory to install and boot up. For best performance, more memory than that may be required. If insufficient RAM remains, the system might excessively swap memory to the hard disk, which effectively brings the host system to a standstill. As with the other settings, you can change this setting later, after you have created the VM.
There are many and potentially complicated ways in which Oracle VM VirtualBox can provide hard disk space to a VM, see Chapter 5, Virtual Storage , but the most common way is to use a large image file on your physical hard disk, whose contents Oracle VM VirtualBox presents to your VM as if it were a complete hard disk.
This file then represents an entire hard disk, so you can even copy it to another host and use it with another Oracle VM VirtualBox installation. To create a new, empty virtual hard disk, click the Create button.
You can pick an existing disk image file. The drop-down list presented in the window lists all disk images which are currently remembered by Oracle VM VirtualBox. These disk images are currently attached to a virtual machine, or have been attached to a virtual machine. Alternatively, click on the small folder icon next to the drop-down list.
In the displayed file dialog, you can click Add to select any disk image file on your host disk. Click the Create button. This wizard helps you to create a new disk image file in the new virtual machine's folder.
A dynamically allocated file only grows in size when the guest actually stores data on its virtual hard disk.
Therefore, this file is small initially. As the drive is filled with data, the file grows to the specified size. A fixed-size file immediately occupies the file specified, even if only a fraction of that virtual hard disk space is actually in use. While occupying much more space, a fixed-size file incurs less overhead and is therefore slightly faster than a dynamically allocated file. For details about the differences, see Section 5.
But the image file must be large enough to hold the contents of the guest OS and the applications you want to install. For a Windows or Linux guest, you will probably need several gigabytes for any serious use. The limit of the image file size can be changed later, see Section 8. After having selected or created your image file, click Next to go to the next page.
Click Create , to create your new virtual machine. The virtual machine is displayed in the list on the left side of the VirtualBox Manager window, with the name that you entered initially.
After becoming familiar with the use of wizards, consider using the Expert Mode available in some wizards. Where available, this is selectable using a button, and speeds up the process of using wizards. Go to the VirtualBox VMs folder in your system user's home directory.
Find the subdirectory of the machine you want to start and double-click on the machine settings file. This file has a. Starting a virtual machine displays a new window, and the virtual machine which you selected will boot up. Everything which would normally be seen on the virtual system's monitor is shown in the window. See the screenshot image in Chapter 1, First Steps. In general, you can use the virtual machine as you would use a real computer.
There are couple of points worth mentioning however. This wizard helps you to select an installation medium. Since the VM is created empty, it would otherwise behave just like a real computer with no OS installed. It will do nothing and display an error message that no bootable OS was found. In the wizard's drop-down list of installation media, select Host Drive with the correct drive letter.
In the case of a Linux host, choose a device file. This will allow your VM to access the media in your host drive, and you can proceed to install from there. If you have downloaded installation media from the Internet in the form of an ISO image file such as with a Linux distribution, you would normally burn this file to an empty CD or DVD and proceed as described above. In this case, the wizard's drop-down list contains a list of installation media that were previously used with Oracle VM VirtualBox.
If your medium is not in the list, especially if you are using Oracle VM VirtualBox for the first time, click the small folder icon next to the drop-down list to display a standard file dialog. Here you can pick an image file on your host disks. After completing the choices in the wizard, you will be able to install your OS.
If you are running a modern guest OS that can handle such devices, mouse support may work out of the box without the mouse being captured as described below.
But unless you are running the VM in full screen mode, your VM needs to share keyboard and mouse with other applications and possibly other VMs on your host. After installing a guest OS and before you install the Guest Additions, described later, either your VM or the rest of your computer can "own" the keyboard and the mouse. Both cannot own the keyboard and mouse at the same time. You will see a second mouse pointer which is always confined to the limits of the VM window.
You activate the VM by clicking inside it. By default, this is the right Ctrl key on your keyboard. On a Mac host, the default Host key is the left Command key. The current setting for the Host key is always displayed at the bottom right of your VM window. Your keyboard is owned by the VM if the VM window on your host desktop has the keyboard focus.
If you have many windows open in your guest OS, the window that has the focus in your VM is used. This means that if you want to enter text within your VM, click on the title bar of your VM window first. To release keyboard ownership, press the Host key. As explained above, this is typically the right Ctrl key. For technical reasons it may not be possible for the VM to get all keyboard input even when it does own the keyboard.
Your mouse is owned by the VM only after you have clicked in the VM window. The host mouse pointer will disappear, and your mouse will drive the guest's pointer instead of your normal mouse pointer. Note that mouse ownership is independent of that of the keyboard. Even after you have clicked on a titlebar to be able to enter text into the VM window, your mouse is not necessarily owned by the VM yet.
These tools make VM keyboard and mouse operations much more seamless. Most importantly, the Guest Additions suppress the second "guest" mouse pointer and make your host mouse pointer work directly in the guest. Some OSes expect certain key combinations to initiate certain procedures. The recipient of these keypresses depends on a number of factors, including the key combination itself. Host OSes reserve certain key combinations for themselves.
As the X server intercepts this combination, pressing it will usually restart your host graphical user interface and kill all running programs, including Oracle VM VirtualBox, in the process. If, instead, you want to send these key combinations to the guest OS in the virtual machine, you will need to use one of the following methods:. Use the items in the Input , Keyboard menu of the virtual machine window. However, the latter setting affects only Linux guests or Oracle Solaris guests.
This menu also includes an option for inserting the Host key combination. Use special key combinations with the Host key, which is normally the right Control key. This is a global setting for all virtual machines and can be found under File , Preferences , Input. A soft keyboard can be used to input key combinations in the guest. While a virtual machine is running, you can change removable media in the Devices menu of the VM's window. But as the Settings dialog is disabled while the VM is in the Running or Saved state, the Devices menu saves you from having to shut down and restart the VM every time you want to change media.
Using the Devices menu, you can attach the host drive to the guest or select a floppy or DVD image, as described in Section 3. You can resize the VM's window while that VM is running. When you do, the window is scaled as follows:. If you have scaled mode enabled, then the virtual machine's screen will be scaled to the size of the window. This can be useful if you have many machines running and want to have a look at one of them while it is running in the background.
Alternatively, it might be useful to enlarge a window if the VM's output screen is very small, for example because you are running an old OS in it. The aspect ratio of the guest screen is preserved when resizing the window. To ignore the aspect ratio, press Shift during the resize operation.
See Chapter 14, Known Limitations for additional remarks. If you have the Guest Additions installed and they support automatic resizing , the Guest Additions will automatically adjust the screen resolution of the guest OS.
For example, if you are running a Windows guest with a resolution of x pixels and you then resize the VM window to make it pixels wider, the Guest Additions will change the Windows display resolution to x Otherwise, if the window is bigger than the VM's screen, the screen will be centered. If it is smaller, then scroll bars will be added to the machine window.
When you click on the Close button of your virtual machine window, at the top right of the window, just like you would close any other window on your system, Oracle VM VirtualBox asks you whether you want to save or power off the VM. Save the machine state: With this option, Oracle VM VirtualBox freezes the virtual machine by completely saving its state to your local disk. When you start the VM again later, you will find that the VM continues exactly where it was left off.
All your programs will still be open, and your computer resumes operation. Saving the state of a virtual machine is thus in some ways similar to suspending a laptop computer by closing its lid. Send the shutdown signal. This will send an ACPI shutdown signal to the virtual machine, which has the same effect as if you had pressed the power button on a real computer. This should trigger a proper shutdown mechanism from within the VM. Power off the machine: With this option, Oracle VM VirtualBox also stops running the virtual machine, but without saving its state.
This is equivalent to pulling the power plug on a real computer without shutting it down properly. If you start the machine again after powering it off, your OS will have to reboot completely and may begin a lengthy check of its virtual system disks.
This allows e. For this purpose the -mbr parameter is provided. It specifies a file name from which to take the MBR code. The partition table is not modified at all, so a MBR file from a system with totally different partitioning can be used. An example of this is. The created image can be attached to a storage controller in a VM configuration as usual. VirtualBox reports vendor product data for its virtual hard disks which consist of hard disk serial number, firmware revision and model number.
These can be changed using the following commands:. The serial number is a 20 byte alphanumeric string, the firmware revision an 8 byte alphanumeric string and the model number a 40 byte alphanumeric string. The commands for virtual machines with an IDE controller are:.
For hard disks it's also possible to mark the drive as having a non-rotational medium with:. The vendor id is an 8 byte alphanumeric string, the product id an 16 byte alphanumeric string and the revision a 4 byte alphanumeric string. As an experimental feature, VirtualBox allows for accessing an iSCSI target running in a virtual machine which is configured for using Internal Networking mode. Please see Section 5. The following eight commands must first be issued:.
If a virtual machine using an iSCSI disk is started without having the iSCSI target powered up, it can take up to seconds to detect this situation. The VM will fail to power up. Since version 1. To set up virtual serial ports, use the methods now described in Section 3.
For backwards compatibility, the old setextradata statements, whose description is retained below from the old version of the manual, take precedence over the new way of configuring serial ports. As a result, if configuring serial ports the new way doesn't work, make sure the VM in question does not have old configuration data such as below still active.
On Linux the same configuration settings apply, except that the path name for the Location can be chosen more freely. Local domain sockets can be placed anywhere, provided the user running VirtualBox has the permission to create a new file in the directory. The final command above defines that VirtualBox acts as a server, i.
So x is 2 when there is only one NAT instance active. In that case the guest is assigned to the address If, for any reason, the NAT network needs to be changed, this can be achieved with the following command:. This command would reserve the network addresses from The guest IP would be assigned to This default behavior should work fine for typical remote-booting scenarios.
However, it is possible to change the boot server IP and the location of the boot image with the following commands:. For certain setups users might want to adjust the buffer size for a better performance. This can by achieved using the following commands values are in kilobytes and can range from 8 to :.
This example illustrates tuning the NAT settings. The first parameter is the MTU, then the size of the socket's send buffer and the size of the socket's receive buffer, the initial size of the TCP send window, and lastly the initial size of the TCP receive window. Note that specifying zero means fallback to the default value. The technical reason for this is that the NAT engine uses sockets for communication.
If, for some reason, you want to change this behavior, you can tell the NAT engine to bind to a particular IP address instead. Use the following command:. After this, all outgoing traffic will be sent through the interface with the IP address Please make sure that this interface is up and running prior to this assignment.
If for some reason you need to hide this DNS server list and use the host's resolver settings, thereby forcing the VirtualBox NAT engine to intercept DNS requests and forward them to host's resolver, use the following command:.
Note that this setting is similar to the DNS proxy mode, however whereas the proxy mode just forwards DNS requests to the appropriate servers, the resolver mode will interpret the DNS requests and use the host's DNS API to query the information and return it to the guest. In some cases it might be useful to intercept the name resolving mechanism, providing a user-defined IP address on a particular DNS request. The intercepting mechanism allows the user to map not only a single host but domains and even more complex namings conventions if required.
This example demonstrates how to instruct the host-resolver mechanism to resolve all domain and probably some mirrors of www. The host resolver mechanism should be enabled to use user-defined mapping rules please see Section 9. By default, the NAT core uses aliasing and uses random ports when generating an alias for a connection. Though some protocols might need a more transparent behavior or may depend on the real port number the packet was sent from.
The first example disables aliasing and switches NAT into transparent mode, the second example enforces preserving of port values.
These modes can be combined if necessary. Changing this information can be necessary to provide the DMI information of the host to the guest to prevent Windows from asking for a new product key.
Use the following command to configure this:. By default, VirtualBox keeps all sources of time visible to the guest synchronized to a single time source, the monotonic host time.
This reflects the assumptions of many guest operating systems, which expect all time sources to reflect "wall clock" time. In special circumstances it may be useful however to make the TSC time stamp counter in the guest reflect the time actually spent executing the guest. This special TSC handling mode can be enabled on a per-VM basis, and for best results must be used only in combination with hardware virtualization.
To enable this mode use the following command:. Note that if you use the special TSC handling mode with a guest operating system which is very strict about the consistency of time sources you may get a warning or error message about the timing inconsistency. It may also cause clocks to become unreliable with some guest operating systems depending on how they use the TSC. For certain purposes it can be useful to accelerate or to slow down the virtual guest clock.
This can be achieved as follows:. Note that changing the rate of the virtual clock can confuse the guest and can even lead to abnormal guest behavior. For instance, a higher clock rate means shorter timeouts for virtual devices with the result that a slightly increased response time of a virtual device due to an increased host load can cause guest failures. Note further that any time synchronization mechanism will frequently try to resynchronize the guest clock with the reference clock which is the host clock if the VirtualBox Guest Additions are active.
Therefore any time synchronization should be disabled if the rate of the guest clock is changed as described above see Section 9. The VirtualBox Guest Additions ensure that the guest's system time is synchronized with the host time.
There are several parameters which can be tuned. The parameters can be set for a specific VM using the following command:. Specifies the interval at which to synchronize the time with the host. The default is ms 10 seconds. The minimum absolute drift value measured in milliseconds to make adjustments for. The factor to multiply the time query latency with to calculate the dynamic minimum adjust time. The default is 8 times, that means in detail: Measure the time it takes to determine the host time the guest has to contact the VM host service which may take some time , multiply this value by 8 and do an adjustment only if the time difference between host and guest is bigger than this value.
Don't do any time adjustment otherwise. The absolute drift threshold, given as milliseconds where to start setting the time instead of trying to smoothly adjust it.
The default is 20 minutes. Set the time after the VM was restored from a saved state when passing 1 as parameter default. Disable by passing 0. In the latter case, the time will be adjusted smoothly which can take a long time. Once installed and started, the VirtualBox Guest Additions will try to synchronize the guest time with the host time.
This can be prevented by forbidding the guest service from reading the host clock:. By default, this new driver is installed for Solaris 11 hosts builds and above that has support for it. To force installation of the Crossbow based network filter driver, execute as root the following command before installing the VirtualBox package:.
To create VNIC templates that are persistent across host reboots, skip the -t parameter in the above command. You may check the current state of links using:. The VNIC template itself can be modified anytime using dladm. Refer to your Solaris network documentation on how to accomplish this. By default VirtualBox provides you with one host-only network interface. Adding more host-only network interfaces on Solaris hosts requires manual configuration.
Here's how to add another host-only network interface. Begin by stopping all running VMs. Then, unplumb the existing "vboxnet0" interface by execute the following command as root:. If you have several vboxnet interfaces, you will need to unplumb all of them. Once all vboxnet interfaces are unplumbed, remove the driver by executing the following command as root:. On Solaris To check what name has been assigned, execute:. In the above example, we can rename "net2" to "vboxnet1" before proceeding to plumb the interface.
This can be done by executing as root:. Now plumb all the interfaces using ifconfig vboxnetX plumb where 'X' would be 1 in this case. Once the interface is plumbed, it may be configured like any other network interface. Refer to the ifconfig documentation for further details. The VirtualBox installer only updates these configuration files for the one "vboxnet0" interface it creates by default.
VirtualBox is capable of producing its own core files for extensive debugging when things go wrong. Currently this is only available on Solaris hosts. Make sure the directory you specify is on a volume with sufficient free space and that the VirtualBox process has sufficient permissions to write files to this directory. If you skip this command and don't specify any core dump directory, the current directory of the VirtualBox executable will be used which would most likely fail when writing cores as they are protected with root permissions.
It is recommended you explicitly set a core dump directory. You must specify when the VirtualBox CoreDumper should be triggered. This is done using the following commands:. At least one of the above two commands will have to be provided if you have enabled the VirtualBox CoreDumper. After producing the core file, the VM will not be terminated and will continue to run. You can thus take cores of the VM process using:.
Core files produced by the VirtualBox CoreDumper are of the form core. Solaris kernel zones on xbased systems make use of hardware-assisted virtualization features like VirtualBox does. However, for kernel zones and VirtualBox to share this hardware resource, they need to co-operate.
VirtualBox can be instructed to relinquish use of hardware-assisted virtualization features when not executing guest code, thereby allowing kernel zones to make use of them. To do this, shutdown all VirtualBox VMs and execute the following command:. This command needs to be executed only once as the setting is stored as part of the global VirtualBox settings which will continue to persist across host-reboots and VirtualBox upgrades.
There are several advanced customization settings for locking down the VirtualBox manager, that is, removing some features that the user should not see. Don't allow to start the VirtualBox manager.
Trying to do so will show a window containing a proper error message. The following per-machine VM extradata settings can be used to change the behavior of the VM selector window in respect of certain VMs:. Don't show the VM configuration of a certain VM. The details window will remain just empty if this VM is selected. Please note that these settings wouldn't prevent the user from reconfiguring the VM by VBoxManage modifyvm. You can disable i.
This is a global setting. Any combination of the above is allowed. To restore the default behavior, use. Don't show the Debug menu in the VM window. The debug menu is only visible if the GUI was started with special command line parameters or environment variable settings.
This is a per-VM setting. You can also disable i. Use the following command to disable certain actions of the Application menu only available on Mac OS X hosts :.
Use the following command to disable certain actions of the Machine menu:. Don't show the Session Information menu item in this menu.
Don't show the Disable Mouse Integration menu item in this menu. Don't show the Save the machine state menu item in this menu. Don't show the Power Off the machine menu item in this menu. Use the following command to disable certain actions of the View menu:. Don't show the Switch to Fullscreen menu item in this menu. Don't show the Switch to Seamless Mode menu item in this menu. Don't show the Switch to Scaled Mode menu item in this menu. Don't show the Auto-resize Guest Display menu item in this menu.
Don't show the Network Settings Don't show the Shared Folders Settings Don't show the VirtualBox Web Site Don't show the Network Operations Manager menu item in this menu. Don't show the hard disk icon in the VM window status bar.
By default the hard disk icon is only shown if the VM configuration contains one or more hard disks. Don't show the CD icon in the VM window status bar. Don't show the floppy icon in the VM window status bar. By default the floppy icon is only shown if the VM configuration contains one more more floppy drives. Don't show the network icon in the VM window status bar.
By default the network icon is only shown if the VM configuration contains one or more active network adapters. If all options are specified, no icons are displayed in the status bar of the VM window.
To disable all host key combinations, open the preferences and change the host key to None. This might be useful when using VirtualBox in a kiosk mode. The following list shows the possible host key actions together with their default host key shortcut. Setting an action to None will disable that host key action. You can disallow i. To disallow specific actions, type:. If all options are specified, the VM cannot be shut down at all.
A VM runs into a Guru Meditation if there is a problem which cannot be fixed by other means than terminating the process. The default is to show a message window which instructs the user to open a bug report. The VM is immediately powered-off without showing any message window.
The VM logfile will show information about what happend. The VM is left in stuck mode. Execution is stopped but no message window is shown. The VM has to be powered off manually. By default, the mouse is captured if the user clicks on the guest window and the guest expects relative mouse coordiantes at this time. Once the Guest Additions become active or the USB guest driver is started, the mouse capture is automatically released.
As of version 4. However, not all window managers provide these facilities correctly, so VirtualBox can be told to use the old method of switching to full-screen mode instead using the command:. The VirtualBox web service vboxwebsrv is used for controlling VirtualBox remotely. As the client base using this interface is growing, we added start scripts for the various operation systems we support.
The following sections describe how to use them. Memory Overcommitment 4. Memory Ballooning 4. Page Fusion 4. Controlling Virtual Monitor Topology 4. Virtual Storage 5. Hard Disk Controllers 5. The Virtual Media Manager 5.
Special Image Write Modes 5. Differencing Images 5. Cloning Disk Images 5. Limiting Bandwidth for Disk Images 5. Mounting a Virtual Disk Image 6. Virtual Networking 6. Virtual Networking Hardware 6. Introduction to Networking Modes 6. NAT Limitations 6. Network Address Translation Service 6. Bridged Networking 6. Internal Networking 6. Host-Only Networking 6. UDP Tunnel Networking 6. VDE Networking 6. Improving Network Performance 7.
Remote Virtual Machines 7. Remote USB 7. RDP Authentication 7. RDP Encryption 7. Multiple Remote Monitors 7. VRDP Customization 7. Teleporting 7. VBoxHeadless 8. VBoxManage 8. Introduction 8. Commands Overview 8. General Options 8.
VBoxManage list 8. VBoxManage showvminfo 8. VBoxManage createvm 8. VBoxManage modifyvm 8. General Settings 8. Networking Settings 8. Miscellaneous Settings 8. Recording Settings 8. Remote Machine Settings 8. Teleporting Settings 8. Debugging Settings 8. VBoxManage movevm 8. VBoxManage import 8. Import from OVF 8. Import from Oracle Cloud Infrastructure 8. VBoxManage export 8. Export to OVF 8. Export to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure 8. VBoxManage startvm 8. VBoxManage controlvm 8.
VBoxManage discardstate 8. VBoxManage adoptstate 8. VBoxManage closemedium 8. VBoxManage storageattach 8. VBoxManage storagectl 8. VBoxManage bandwidthctl 8. VBoxManage showmediuminfo 8. VBoxManage createmedium 8. VBoxManage modifymedium 8. VBoxManage clonemedium 8. VBoxManage mediumproperty 8.
VBoxManage encryptmedium 8. VBoxManage checkmediumpwd 8. VBoxManage convertfromraw 8. VBoxManage setproperty 8. VBoxManage guestproperty 8. VBoxManage guestcontrol 8. VBoxManage metrics 8. VBoxManage natnetwork 8. VBoxManage hostonlyif 8.
S: Disable intelppm. Boot halts on MUP. The fact is XP halts on MUP. Linux host: kubuntu 8. Please let me know. I am trying to get rid of this problem. So I'm afraid I can't really help you. But nevertheless let me try to understand your problem. You have made a VMDK to access a physical partition on your hard drive.
Then you created a virtual machine which used the physical partition not a disk image file as its hard drive. What is on the partition? Did you install the operating system in your VM to the partition?
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